**Aim 1. Advanced 3D Printing–Assisted Organ-on-a-Chip and Implantable Regenerative Constructs

(3D Printing-assisted Biofabrication & Biomanufacturing)**

This aim focuses on developing core technologies for 3D implantable regenerative constructs and miniaturized organs-on-a-chip for drug and cosmetic testing by integrating multiple micro-/nano-scale printing techniques, including extrusion, inkjet, light-assisted printing, electrospinning, and electrohydrodynamic printing. Mechanical and biological properties are simultaneously considered through the use of advanced biomaterials and fabrication strategies to enable functional tissue regeneration and in vitro organ modeling.

Aim 2. Cell and Tissue Bioreactor Engineering for Physical Stimulation

This aim aims to elucidate cellular behaviors and pathological mechanisms at the gene and protein levels by applying physical stimuli—such as shear stress, tensile strain, compression, and electrical stimulation—to cell-based artificial tissues and organs. In parallel, scalable bioreactors for mass cell culture and advanced tissue culture devices are developed to enhance tissue functionality and maturation.

**Aim 3. 3D Printing–Based Translational Research and Biomedical Device Development

(3D Printing-based Translation Research)**

This aim conducts translational research on biomedical devices enabled by 3D printing technologies, including transdermal microneedle-based drug delivery systems, printed bioelectronics for tissue stimulation, and printed biosensors for signal readout in organ-on-a-chip platforms. These studies aim to bridge advanced biofabrication technologies with practical medical and regenerative engineering applications.

**Aim 4. Artificial Intelligence–Driven Design of Tissue Engineering Constructs

(e.g., Vascular Networks and Customized Mechanical Properties)**

This aim focuses on developing AI-based platforms for the integrative design and optimization of tissue engineering constructs by simultaneously considering geometric architectures and functional properties. In particular, vascular network design and tissue-specific mechanical property customization are targeted to enable physiologically relevant, fabrication-aware design strategies for next-generation biofabricated tissues and organs.

For more details, please see the "Research Area" page.